Never give out your social security number unless you have to.

During a hospital stay ask who has access to your records, you can also check "access logs" to see who has accessed your information.

You may also attempt to restrict the amount of information that is relayed to insurers or employers. Avoid blanket authorizations by various organizations to view your history.

You may also refuse to fill out medical questionnaires, accompanying surveys, or drug promotions which is a way third parties obtain your information.

If your employer is self-insured ask for a copy of all policies regarding medical information.

Never provide health information over the phone and prohibit your health-care provider from releasing medical records without authorization from you.